IEC 62740:2015 根本原因分析（RCA）
标准编号：IEC 62740:2015
中文名称：根本原因分析（RCA）
英文名称：Root cause analysis (RCA)
发布日期：2015-02-13
标准范围
IEC 62740:2015描述了根本原因分析（RCA）的基本原则，并规定了RCA流程应包括的步骤。本标准确定了RCA技术的许多属性，这些属性有助于选择适当的技术。它描述了每种RCA技术及其相对优势和劣势。RCA用于分析具有积极和消极结果的焦点事件的根本原因，但最常用于分析失败和事件。此类事件的原因在性质上可能不同，包括设计过程和技术、组织特征、人为因素和外部事件。RCA可用于调查质量（和其他）管理体系中不符合项的原因，以及故障分析，例如在维护或设备测试中。RCA用于分析已发生的焦点事件，因此本标准仅涵盖事后分析。人们认识到，一些具有适应性的RCA技术可以在项目的设计和开发中积极使用，并在风险评估期间用于因果分析；然而，本标准侧重于对已发生事件的分析。本标准旨在描述执行RCA的过程，并解释识别根本原因的技术。这些技术的目的不是分配责任或责任，这不在本标准的范围内。关键词:根本原因分析（RCA），RCA技术
IEC 62740:2015 describes the basic principles of root cause analysis (RCA) and specifies the steps that a process for RCA should include. This standard identifies a number of attributes for RCA techniques which assist with the selection of an appropriate technique. It describes each RCA technique and its relative strengths and weaknesses. RCA is used to analyse the root causes of focus events with both positive and negative outcomes, but it is most commonly used for the analysis of failures and incidents. Causes for such events can be varied in nature, including design processes and techniques, organizational characteristics, human aspects and external events. RCA can be used for investigating the causes of non-conformances in quality (and other) management systems as well as for failure analysis, for example in maintenance or equipment testing. RCA is used to analyse focus events that have occurred, therefore this standard only covers a posteriori analyses. It is recognized that some of the RCA techniques with adaptation can be used proactively in the design and development of items and for causal analysis during risk assessment; however, this standard focuses on the analysis of events which have occurred. The intent of this standard is to describe a process for performing RCA and to explain the techniques for identifying root causes. These techniques are not designed to assign responsibility or liability, which is outside the scope of this standard.Keywords: root cause analysis (RCA), RCA techniques
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