ISO/IEC 29143:2011 信息技术 自动识别和数据采集技术 移动射频识别询问器的空中接口规范

标准编号：ISO/IEC 29143:2011

中文名称：信息技术 自动识别和数据采集技术 移动射频识别询问器的空中接口规范

英文名称：Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Air interface specification for Mobile RFID interrogators

发布日期：2011-02

标准范围

ISO/IEC 29143:2011为作为无源反向散射系统的一部分的移动射频识别(RFID)询问器提供了空中接口规范。该系统包括一个或多个移动询问器，也称为移动RFID询问器，以及未定义数量的标签，也称为标签。询问器不需要支持信道感测，即不需要实现先听后说(LBT)，并且在与一个或多个对等询问器发生冲突的风险下以极低的机会发送命令。此外，符合ISO/IEC 29143:2011的询问器没有义务通过任何方式（有线或无线）同步，即不提供专用于协调时分复用（TDM）的控制信道。标签由询问器提供的RF信号供电，并通过调制其天线的反射系数来响应询问器，从而将数据反向散射到询问器。标签采用的工作模式是纯被动的，即标签不主动发起任何类型的RF通信。在ISO/IEC 29143:2011中，移动RFID应用的碰撞仲裁和碰撞避免通过指定旨在减轻新出现碰撞影响的方法和用于避免后续碰撞的机制来定义。ISO/IEC 29143:2011适用于移动（非固定）应用中用于清点860 MHz至960 MHz的无源或半无源反向散射标签的移动RFID询问器设备，该询问器设备独立于特定的通信细节，即调制技术和命令集。此外，ISO/IEC 29143:2011的范围是移动消费者应用程序，而移动企业应用程序只要在封闭环境中运行就不包括在内。如果操作环境属于能够保证足够隔离的中央管理机构，即防止移动企业询问器设备在专用操作环境之外被使用，并且如果提供了与相邻操作环境的足够空间分离和/或电磁屏蔽，则该操作环境被认为是封闭的。如果两个交互实体中的至少一个是私人个体（消费者）并且交互发生在公共领域中，则应用被认为是消费者应用。因此，移动RFID消费者应用被定义为在消费者应用中使用的移动RFID设备（例如，配备RFID询问器的移动电话）。注由于目前没有关于移动高频询问器的有效贡献，ISO/IEC 29143:2011仅涵盖UHF.ISO/IEC 29143:2011规定了移动RFID询问器介质访问控制、询问器到询问器和多个询问器到标签的冲突仲裁方案，包括询问器要求、询问器到询问器和多个询问器到标签的冲突避免方案以及移动RFID应用的标签存储器使用。ISO/IEC 29143:2011没有规定询问器和标签之间的物理交互（通信链路的信令层）、询问器和标签的操作程序和命令，以及用于在多标签环境中分离（与当前响应时隙分离）特定标签的冲突仲裁算法。特别地，ISO/IEC 29143:2011不取代由ISO/IEC发布的任何现有RFID空中接口规范，而是用解决移动RFID的特殊挑战的机制扩展了用于固定RFID询问器的现有方法。ISO/IEC 29143:2011中描述的概念和机制可以被集成到ISO/IEC批准的用于860MHz至960MHz的给定频率范围的任何现有RFID协议中(除非该协议明确禁止)，而不管实际命令集如何。ISO/IEC 29143:2011定义的机制可用于消费者应用中使用的移动RFID询问器，并且符合ISO/IEC 18000-6。

ISO/IEC 29143:2011 provides an air interface specification for Mobile radio frequency identification (RFID) interrogators being part of a passive backscatter system. This system comprises one or more mobile interrogators, also known as Mobile RFID interrogators, and an undefined number of tags, also known as labels.

Interrogators are not required to support channel sensing, i.e. do not need to implement Listen Before Talk (LBT), and transmit commands on the off chance under the risk of colliding with one or more peer-interrogators. Moreover, interrogators compliant to ISO/IEC 29143:2011 are not obliged to synchronize by any means (wired or wireless), i.e. no control channel dedicated to coordinating Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is provided.

Tags are powered by the RF signal provided by the interrogator and respond to an interrogator by modulating the reflection coefficient of its antenna, thereby backscattering data to the interrogator. The working mode adopted by the tags is purely passive, i.e. tags do not actively initiate any kind of RF communication.

In ISO/IEC 29143:2011, collision arbitration and collision avoidance for Mobile RFID applications are defined by specifying methods aimed at mitigating the impact of emerging collisions and mechanisms used to avoid follow-up collisions.

ISO/IEC 29143:2011 applies to Mobile RFID interrogator devices used to inventory passive or semi-passive backscatter tags at 860 MHz to 960 MHz in a mobile (non-fixed) application independent from specific communication details, i.e. modulation technique and command set.

Furthermore, the scope of ISO/IEC 29143:2011 is mobile consumer applications, whereas mobile enterprise applications are not covered as long as operating in a closed environment.

An operating environment is considered to be closed if it belongs to a central administrative authority able to guarantee for sufficient isolation, i.e. preventing mobile enterprise interrogator devices from being used outside the dedicated operating environment, and if sufficient spatial separation and/or electromagnetic shielding from adjacent operating environments is provided.

An application is considered a consumer application if at least one of two interacting entities is a private individual (consumer) and the interaction is taking place in the public domain. Consequently, a Mobile RFID consumer application is defined as Mobile RFID equipment (e.g. mobile phones equipped with an RFID interrogator) being used in a consumer application.

NOTE As there is currently no active contribution on Mobile HF interrogators, ISO/IEC 29143:2011 covers only UHF.

ISO/IEC 29143:2011 specifies

• Mobile RFID interrogator media access control,


• interrogator to interrogator and multiple interrogator to tag collision arbitration scheme including interrogator requirements,


• interrogator to interrogator and multiple interrogator to tag collision avoidance scheme, and


• tag memory use for Mobile RFID applications.

ISO/IEC 29143:2011 does not specify

• physical interactions (the signaling layer of the communication link) between interrogators and tags,


• interrogator and tag operating procedures and commands, and


• the collision arbitration algorithm used to singulate (separate to the current response slot) a specific tag in a multiple-tag environment.

In particular, ISO/IEC 29143:2011 does not replace any existing RFID air interface specification issued by ISO/IEC but extends the existing methodologies for fixed RFID interrogators with mechanisms addressing the special challenges of Mobile RFID. The concepts and mechanisms described in ISO/IEC 29143:2011 can be integrated in any existing RFID protocol approved by ISO/IEC for the given frequency range of 860 MHz to 960 MHz (unless explicitly prohibited by such protocol) regardless of the actual command set.

The mechanisms defined by ISO/IEC 29143:2011 can be used for Mobile RFID interrogators used in consumer applications and compliant to ISO/IEC 18000-6.

标准预览图