ISO 13344:2004 燃烧流出物致死毒性的估定

标准编号：ISO 13344:2004

中文名称：燃烧流出物致死毒性的估定

英文名称：Estimation of the lethal toxic potency of fire effluents

发布日期：2004-10

标准范围

ISO 13344:2004提供了一种方法，用于估计暴露于物理火灾模型的特定燃烧条件下由材料产生的火灾流出物的致命毒性。致命毒性值与所选择的火灾模型、暴露情景和评估的材料具体相关。使用一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化碳（CO2）、氧气（O2）（毒害）以及氰化氢（HCN）、氯化氢（HCl）、溴化氢（HBr）、氟化氢（HF）、二氧化硫（SO2）、二氧化氮（NO2）、丙烯醛和甲醛（如果存在）的燃烧气氛分析数据来预测与大鼠30分钟暴露相关的致死毒性效力值。如果火灾流出物的毒性不能归因于所分析的毒物，这表明必须考虑其他毒物或因素。ISO 13344:2004适用于在受控实验室条件下评估材料、产品或组件产生的火灾排放大气的致命毒性，不应单独用于描述或评估材料、产品或组件在实际火灾条件下的毒性危害或风险。然而，该测试的结果可用作火灾危险评估的要素，该评估考虑了与特定最终用途的火灾危险评估相关的所有因素；参见ISO/TS 19706。消防安全工程计算的预期用途是预测人的生命安全，最常见的时间间隔略短于30分钟。这种跨物种和暴露间隔的外推超出了ISO 13344的范围:2004.ISO 13344:2004并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题。ISO 13344:2004用户有责任建立适当的安全和健康实践。

ISO 13344:2004 provides a means for estimating the lethal toxic potency of the fire effluents produced from a material while exposed to the specific combustion conditions of a physical fire model. The lethal toxic potency values are specifically related to the fire model selected, the exposure scenario and the material evaluated.Lethal toxic potency values associated with 30-min exposures of rats are predicted using calculations which employ combustion atmosphere analytical data for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), oxygen (O₂) (vitiation) and, if present, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen bromide (HBr), hydrogen fluoride (HF), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), acrolein and formaldehyde. If the fire effluent toxic potency cannot be attributed to the toxicants analysed, this is an indication that other toxicants or factors must be considered.ISO 13344:2004 is applicable to the estimation of the lethal toxic potency of fire effluent atmospheres produced from materials, products or assemblies under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used in isolation to describe or appraise the toxic hazard or risk of materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire hazard assessment that takes into account all of the factors, which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use; see ISO/TS 19706.The intended use of fire safety-engineering calculations is for life-safety prediction for people and is most frequently for time intervals somewhat shorter than 30 min. This extrapolation across species and exposure intervals is outside the scope of ISO 13344:2004.ISO 13344:2004 does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of ISO 13344:2004 to establish appropriate safety and health practices.

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