ISO/IEC/IEEE 26512:2018 系统和软件工程 用户文件编制的需方和供方的要求

标准编号：ISO/IEC/IEEE 26512:2018

中文名称：系统和软件工程 用户文件编制的需方和供方的要求

英文名称：Systems and software engineering — Requirements for acquirers and suppliers of information for users

发布日期：2018-06

标准范围

ISO/IEC/IEEE 26512:2018本文件支持系统用户对获得一致、完整、准确和可用信息的兴趣。它涉及两种可用的标准化方法:a）过程标准，规定信息产品的获取和供应方式；和b)信息产品标准，规定信息的特征和功能要求。根据ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207和ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015中的定义，采购和供应活动构成了软件或系统生命周期的协议流程。为用户获取和提供信息以及相关服务是这些过程的专门化。可以为信息管理过程的任何部分获取和提供此类服务，例如:-信息管理；-信息设计和开发；-信息编辑和审查协调；-信息测试，特别是可用性测试；-信息制作和包装；-信息分发和传递；-就信息开发工具和支持系统的选择和实施提供咨询；和——信息开发流程改进。本文档概述了与为用户获取和提供信息相关的信息管理流程。它将协议流程（获取和供应）应用于用户信息，并解决该信息需求的准备问题。这些要求是本文档中讨论的用户信息规范和工作说明书的核心。本文件还阐述了采购和供应流程主要文件输出的要求:征求建议书和文件产品和服务建议书。本文档旨在用于为用户获取或提供任何类型的信息，独立于信息开发或管理工具或方法。本文件可能有助于获取和提供以下类型的信息，尽管它没有涵盖这些信息的所有方面:-使用动画、视频和声音的多媒体系统；-主要用于正式培训方案的计算机培训包和专门课程材料；-描述系统软件内部操作的维护文档；-协作生成的、通常称为“维基”的文档，通常需要定期整理；和-结合到用户界面中的用户信息。本文件适用于用户信息的获取者和供应商，包括各种专家:-识别预期用户将利用系统执行的任务的分析师(例如，业务分析师、人为因素工程师)；-软件或系统开发过程或信息管理过程的管理者；-收购过程的管理者以及授权和批准收购的人；和-参与提案准备的经理和作者。在信息开发过程中具有其他角色和利益的人也可以查阅:-规划信息产品的结构、格式和内容需求的信息设计师和架构师；-为用户编写书面信息内容的有经验的作者和编辑；-具有电子媒体专业知识的平面设计师；-用户界面设计师和人体工程学专家共同设计信息在屏幕上的呈现方式；-可用性测试人员、信息开发评审人员、技术联系人；-用于为用户创建屏幕信息的工具的开发者。

ISO/IEC/IEEE 26512:2018 This document supports the interest of system users in having consistent, complete, accurate, and usable information. It addresses both available approaches to standardization: a) process standards, which specify the way that information products are to be acquired and supplied; and b) information product standards, which specify the characteristics and functional requirements of the information.
As defined in ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015, the acquisition and supply activities make up the agreement processes of the software or system life cycle. Acquisition and supply of information for users and related services are specializations of those processes. Such services can be acquired and supplied for any part of the information management process, such as the following:
- information management;
- information design and development;
- information editing and review coordination;
- information testing, particularly usability testing;
- information production and packaging;
- information distribution and delivery;
- advice on the selection and implementation of information development tools and supporting systems; and
- information development process improvement.
This document provides an overview of the information management processes that are relevant to the acquisition and supply of information for users. It applies the Agreement processes (acquisition and supply) to information for users, and addresses the preparation of requirements for this information. These requirements are central to the information for users specification and statement of work discussed in this document. This document also addresses requirements for primary document outputs of the acquisition and supply process: the request for proposal and the proposal for documentation products and services.
This document is intended for use in acquiring or supplying any type of information for users and is independent of information development or management tools or methodologies.
This document might be helpful for acquiring and supplying the following types of information, although it does not cover all aspects of them:
- multimedia systems using animation, video, and sound;
- computer-based training (CBT) packages and specialized course materials intended primarily for use in formal training programs;
- maintenance documentation describing the internal operation of systems software;
- collaboratively generated, often known as "wiki", documentation, which will usually need to be curated periodically; and
- information for users incorporated into the user interface.
This document is applicable to acquirers and suppliers of information for users, including a variety of specialists:
- analysts (e.g., business analysts, human factors engineers) who identify the tasks that the intended users will perform with the system;
- managers of the software or system development process or the information management process;
- managers of the acquisition process, and those who authorize and approve acquisitions; and
- managers and authors involved in proposal preparation.
It can also be consulted by those with other roles and interests in the information development process:
- information designers and architects who plan the structure, format, and content requirements of information products;
- experienced authors and editors who develop the written content for information for users;
- graphic designers with expertise in electronic media;
- user interface designers and ergonomics experts working together to design the presentation of the information on the screen;
- usability testers, information development reviewers, technical contacts;
- developers of tools for creating on-screen information for users.

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