ISO 18497:2018 农业机械和拖拉机 高度自动化农业机械的安全性 设计原则
标准编号：ISO 18497:2018
中文名称：农业机械和拖拉机 高度自动化农业机械的安全性 设计原则
英文名称：Agricultural machinery and tractors — Safety of highly automated agricultural machines — Principles for design
发布日期：2018-11
标准范围
本文件规定了农业田间作业期间高度自动化机器和车辆（如农业拖拉机、拖拉机机具系统、机具和自走式机械）高度自动化方面的设计原则。此外，它还对制造商提供的安全工作实践信息类型（包括剩余风险信息）提供了指导。本文件的目的是协助提供安全要求、验证方法和信息，以确保农林拖拉机和具有高度自动化操作功能的自行式机器达到适当的安全水平（见3.7）。本文件涉及与农林拖拉机和自走式机器相关的所有重大危险、危险情况和事件（如附录A所列），当按照预期使用时，以及在制造商在正常操作和服务期间可预见的误用情况下，允许高度自动化的现场操作。注1:虽然本文件给出了高度自动化农业机械（HAAM）的设计、验证、验证和信息提供原则，但具体应用要求的详细规范将取决于机器及其操作条件。因此，本文件中给出的设计原则需要通过使用相关的特定（C型）标准（如果可用）或通过使用风险评估的机器制造商，针对特定的HAAM进行扩展。此类额外的设计、验证、确认或使用信息要求规范不在本文件范围内。注2:与高度自动化操作无关的特定机器的安全要求可在机器特定的C型标准中获得。本文件不适用于:-林业应用；-用于农田或谷仓作业的移动式、半移动式或固定式机械；-在公共道路上的操作，包括制动和转向系统的相关要求。注3:关于机具（例如，其具体设计、功能）以及拖拉机和机具之间的通信，可能存在额外的风险，需要采取额外的措施。此类附加措施不在本文件范围内，由制造商负责。本文件不适用于出版日期前制造的农业和林业拖拉机、拖拉机机具系统、机具和自走式机器。
This document specifies principles for the design of highly automated aspects of highly automated machines and vehicles (e.g. agricultural tractors, tractor implement systems, implements and self-propelled machinery) during agricultural field operations. In addition, it provides guidance on the type of information on safe working practices (including information about residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer.The purpose of this document is to assist in the provision of safety requirements, means of verification and information for use to ensure an appropriate level of safety for agricultural and forestry tractors and self-propelled machines with functions allowing highly automated operations (see 3.7).This document deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events (as listed in Annex A), relevant to agricultural and forestry tractors and self-propelled machines allowing highly automated field operations when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer during normal operation and service.NOTE 1 While this document gives principles for the design, verification, validation and provision of information for use of a highly automated agricultural machine (HAAM), the detailed specification of requirements for a specific application will be dependent on the machine and its operating conditions. Therefore, the principles for design given in this document need to be extended for specific HAAM by the use of relevant specific (type-C) standards, when available, or by the manufacturer of the machine using risk assessment. Such additional specification of requirements, for design, verification, validation or information for use are outside the scope of this document.NOTE 2 Safety requirements for specific machines not related to their highly automated operations can be available in machine-specific type-C standards.This document is not applicable to:— forestry applications;— mobile, semi-mobile or stationary machinery used for farm yard or barn operations;— operations on public roads including relevant requirements for braking and steering systems.NOTE 3 With respect to implements (e.g. their specific design, functions) and the communication between tractors and implements, additional risks can be relevant and can require additional measures. Such additional measures are outside the scope of this document and are the responsibility of the manufacturer.This document is not applicable to agricultural and forestry tractors, tractor implement systems, implements and self-propelled machines which are manufactured before the date of its publication.
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