ISO 13163:2021 水质 铅-210 使用液体闪烁计数的试验方法
标准编号：ISO 13163:2021
中文名称：水质 铅-210 使用液体闪烁计数的试验方法
英文名称：Water quality — Lead-210 — Test method using liquid scintillation counting
发布日期：2021-07
标准范围
本文件规定了通过液体闪烁计数（LSC）测量所有类型水中210Pb的方法。该方法适用于供应/饮用水、雨水、地表水和地下水以及冷却水、工业用水、生活和工业废水的测试样品，经过适当的取样和处理，以及测试样品制备。需要过滤供试品。铅？210环境中的活度浓度可以变化，通常范围从2？mBq？l-1到？300？mBq？l-1[27][28]。使用目前可用的液体闪烁计数器，该方法的检测限为？210Pb一般在20？mBq？l-1到50？mBq？l-1，低于世卫组织饮用水安全饮用标准（100？mBq l？1）.[4][6]这些值可以在180？分钟和720？样品体积的最小值为0.5？l到1.5？l.可以通过稀释样品或使用较小的样品等分试样或两者来测量较高活性浓度。本文件中提供的方法不用于测定超痕量的210Pb。应用范围取决于水中溶解物质的量和测量设备的性能特征（背景计数率和计数效率）。本文档中描述的方法适用于紧急情况。该方法不包括吸附到悬浮物上的Pb的分析。用户有责任确保本测试方法对所测试水样的有效性。
This document specifies a method for the measurement of 210Pb in all types of waters by liquid scintillation counting (LSC).The method is applicable to test samples of supply/drinking water, rainwater, surface and ground water, as well as cooling water, industrial water, domestic, and industrial wastewater after proper sampling and handling, and test sample preparation. Filtration of the test sample is necessary. Lead？210 activity concentration in the environment can vary and usually ranges from 2 mBq l-1 to 300 mBq l-1 [27][28].Using currently available liquid scintillation counters, the limit of detection of this method for 210Pb is generally of the order of 20 mBq l-1 to 50 mBq l-1, which is lower than the WHO criteria for safe consumption of drinking water (100 mBq l？1).[4][6] These values can be achieved with a counting time between 180 min and 720 min for a sample volume from 0,5 l to 1,5 l. Higher activity concentrations can be measured by either diluting the sample or using smaller sample aliquots or both. The method presented in this document is not intended for the determination of an ultra-trace amount of 210Pb.The range of application depends on the amount of dissolved material in the water and on the performance characteristics of the measurement equipment (background count rate and counting efficiency).The method described in this document is applicable to an emergency situation.The analysis of Pb adsorbed to suspended matter is not covered by this method.It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for the water samples tested.
标准预览图
