ISO 4037-3:2019 放射防护 计量计和计量率计以及测定其作为光子能量函数曲线用的X和γ射线的参考辐射 第3部分：校正面积和个人剂量计以及测量它们作为能量和入射角函数的响应

标准编号：ISO 4037-3:2019

中文名称：放射防护 计量计和计量率计以及测定其作为光子能量函数曲线用的X和γ射线的参考辐射 第3部分：校正面积和个人剂量计以及测量它们作为能量和入射角函数的响应

英文名称：Radiological protection — X and gamma reference radiation for calibrating dosemeters and doserate meters and for determining their response as a function of photon energy — Part 3: Calibration of area

发布日期：2019-01

标准范围

本文件规定了辐射防护中用于个人和区域监测的剂量计和剂量率计校准的附加程序和数据。ISO 29661中描述了辐射防护剂量（率）计的校准和响应测定的一般程序，并尽可能遵循该程序。为此，使用ISO 4037-1中规定的平均能量在8 keV和9 MeV之间的光子参考辐射场。附录D中给出了有关参考条件、要求的标准试验条件以及与电子范围相关的影响的一些附加信息。对于个人监测，包括全身和四肢剂量仪；对于区域监测，包括便携式和安装式剂量（率）计。参考场需要带电粒子平衡，尽管在需要校准剂量计的工作场所场中并不总是如此。在参考深度d没有固有带电粒子平衡的光子能量下尤其如此，这取决于能量和参考深度d的实际组合。能量超过65千电子伏、0.75兆电子伏和2.1兆电子伏的电子只能分别穿透0.07毫米、3毫米和10毫米的ICRU组织，光子能量高于这些值的辐射质量被认为是没有内在带电粒子平衡的辐射质量，在这些深度定义的量。本文件还讨论了作为光子能量和辐射入射角函数的响应的确定。此类测量可代表型式试验的一部分，在此过程中，进一步影响量对响应的影响将被检查。本文件仅适用于高于1μGy/h的空气比释动能。本文件不包括固定安装区域剂量计的现场校准。描述了不同类型剂量计应遵循的程序。建议使用的模型和应用的转换系数。建议的转换系数仅适用于ISO 4037-1:2019第4至6条中规定的匹配参考辐射场。ISO 4037-1:2019，附录A和附录B（均为资料性附录）包括荧光辐射，即放射性核素241Am，S-Am的伽马辐射，但未提供详细的公开信息。ISO 4037-1:2019附录C给出了质量指数规定的额外X辐射场。对于所有这些辐射质量，附件A至C中给出了转换系数，但仅作为粗略估计，因为实际参考辐射场中这些转换系数的总体不确定性未知。注:剂量计是一个通用术语，表示用于个人或区域监测的任何剂量或剂量率计。

This document specifies additional procedures and data for the calibration of dosemeters and doserate meters used for individual and area monitoring in radiation protection. The general procedure for the calibration and the determination of the response of radiation protection dose(rate)meters is described in ISO 29661 and is followed as far as possible. For this purpose, the photon reference radiation fields with mean energies between 8 keV and 9 MeV, as specified in ISO 4037-1, are used. In Annex D some additional information on reference conditions, required standard test conditions and effects associated with electron ranges are given. For individual monitoring, both whole body and extremity dosemeters are covered and for area monitoring, both portable and installed dose(rate)meters are covered.Charged particle equilibrium is needed for the reference fields although this is not always established in the workplace fields for which the dosemeter should be calibrated. This is especially true at photon energies without inherent charged particle equilibrium at the reference depth d, which depends on the actual combination of energy and reference depth d. Electrons of energies above 65 keV, 0,75 MeV and 2,1 MeV can just penetrate 0,07 mm, 3 mm and 10 mm of ICRU tissue, respectively, and the radiation qualities with photon energies above these values are considered as radiation qualities without inherent charged particle equilibrium for the quantities defined at these depths. This document also deals with the determination of the response as a function of photon energy and angle of radiation incidence. Such measurements can represent part of a type test in the course of which the effect of further influence quantities on the response is examined.This document is only applicable for air kerma rates above 1 μGy/h.This document does not cover the in-situ calibration of fixed installed area dosemeters.The procedures to be followed for the different types of dosemeters are described. Recommendations are given on the phantom to be used and on the conversion coefficients to be applied. Recommended conversion coefficients are only given for matched reference radiation fields, which are specified in ISO 4037-1:2019, Clauses 4 to 6. ISO 4037？1:2019, Annexes A and B, both informative, include fluorescent radiations, the gamma radiation of the radionuclide 241Am, S-Am, for which detailed published information is not available. ISO 4037-1:2019, Annex C, gives additional X radiation fields, which are specified by the quality index. For all these radiation qualities, conversion coefficients are given in Annexes A to C, but only as a rough estimate as the overall uncertainty of these conversion coefficients in practical reference radiation fields is not known.NOTE The term dosemeter is used as a generic term denoting any dose or doserate meter for individual or area monitoring.

标准预览图