ISO 230-5:2000 机械工具的检验编码-第五部分：噪音扩散的测定

标准编号：ISO 230-5:2000

中文名称：机械工具的检验编码-第五部分：噪音扩散的测定

英文名称：Test code for machine tools — Part 5: Determination of the noise emission

发布日期：2000-08

标准范围

1.1概述ISO 230的这一部分规定了测试固定式落地式机床噪声的方法及相关辅助设备直接在车间。测量的目的是获得噪声发射数据用于机床。所获得的数据可用于申报和核实来自ISO 4871中规定的机床，也用于比较给定的不同单元的性能机床或设备系列，在规定的环境条件和标准化的安装和操作条件。就ISO 230的这一部分而言，“辅助设备”是指液压动力组、切屑输送机，冷却液-油雾提取器、热交换器、冰箱等。中央操作的辅助设备发出的噪音连接到几台机床的设备应被视为背景噪声。给出了被测机器的安装和操作以及选择工作站和其他指定位置的麦克风位置。可以找到更详细的说明在特定类型机床的噪声测试标准中。条款11规定了一种测量工作站和其他地方发射声压级的方法机床附近的指定位置。该方法遵循ISO 11202和ISO 11204。条款12规定了一种用于测量环绕声的测量表面上的声压级的方法。用于计算由机床产生的声功率级。此方法遵循ISO 3744和ISO 3746中规定的方法。基于强度法（ISO 9614和ISO 9614-2）确定声功率级不是在ISO 230的这一部分中处理。1.2噪声类型及噪声源ISO 230本部分规定的方法适用于机床发出的所有类型的噪声。ISO 230的这一部分适用于任何类型和尺寸的机床，包括装置、部件和子组件。注意:根据ISO 230这一部分的测量对于非常高或非常长的机床（例如传输线）可能是不切实际的。1.3试验环境适用于根据ISO 230的这一部分进行测量的测试环境通常是位于室内，有一个或多个反射平面，满足指定要求，如中所述第11条和第12条，分别见第11.4.2条和第12.3.2条。1.4准确度等级固定位置的发射声压级和机器声功率级的单个值根据ISO 230本部分给出的程序确定的工具可能与真实的不同值在相应测量不确定度的范围内。中的不确定性发射声压级的测量和声功率级的确定来自影响结果的几个因素，一些与试验场的环境条件有关，另一些则与试验场的环境条件有关用实验技术。ISO 230的这一部分涉及确定发射声压的方法级和发射声功率级，其中结果满足2级精度（工程方法）和3级精度（测量方法）。由于其更高的精度，应尽可能达到2级。第7条给出了测量不确定度的具体信息。虽然2级准确度（工程）是首选，但3级准确度（测量）也可用于噪音申报和大多数其他目的。在ISO 230的这一部分中，仅完整地描述了3级的确定。为了还应使用ISO 3744和ISO 11204等级2。

1.1 GeneralThis part of ISO 230 specifies methods for testing the noise of stationary floor-mounted machine tools and relatedauxiliary equipment directly on the shop floor. The purpose of the measurements is to obtain noise-emission datafor machine tools.The data obtained may be used for the purpose of declaration and verification of airborne noise emission frommachine tools as specified in ISO 4871, and also for the comparison of the performance of different units of a givenfamily of machine tools or equipment, under defined environmental conditions and standardized mounting andoperating conditions.For the purposes of this part of ISO 230, "auxiliary equipment" means hydraulic power packs, chip conveyors,coolant-oil mist extractors, heat exchangers, refrigerators, etc. Noise emitted by centrally operated auxiliaryequipment, connected to several machine tools, shall be considered as background noise.General instructions are given for the installation and operation of the machine under test and for the choice ofmicrophone positions for the work station and for other specified positions. More detailed instructions can be foundin specific noise-test standards for individual types of machine tools.Clause 11 specifies a method for measuring the emission sound pressure levels at work stations and at otherspecified positions in the vicinity of a machine tool. This method follows the methods specified in ISO 11202 andISO 11204.Clause 12 specifies a method for measuring the sound pressure levels on a measurement surface enveloping themachine tool and for calculating the sound power level produced by the machine tool. This method follows themethods specified in ISO 3744 and ISO 3746.The determination of the sound power level on the basis of the intensity method (ISO 9614 and ISO 9614-2) is notdealt with in this part of ISO 230.1.2 Types of noise and noise sourcesThe methods specified in this part of ISO 230 are suitable for all types of noise emitted by machine tools.This part of ISO 230 is applicable to machine tools of any type and size, including devices, components and subassemblies.NOTE Measurements according to this part of ISO 230 may be impracticable for very tall or very long machine tools, such as transfer lines.1.3 Test environmentThe test environment that is applicable for measurements made in accordance with this part of ISO 230 is generallylocated indoors, with one or more reflecting planes present, meeting specified requirements, as described inclauses 11 and 12, respectively in 11.4.2 and in clause 12.3.2.1.4 Accuracy gradesIndividual values of emission sound pressure levels at a fixed position and of the sound power level of a machinetool determined in accordance with the procedures given in this part of ISO 230 are likely to differ from the truevalues by an amount within the range of the respective measurement uncertainties. The uncertainties inmeasurements of emission sound pressure levels and in determinations of the sound power level arise fromseveral factors which affect the results, some associated with environmental conditions at the test site and otherswith experimental techniques. This part of ISO 230 deals with methods to determine the emission sound pressurelevels and the emission sound power level, where the results meet grade 2 accuracy (engineering method) andgrade 3 accuracy (survey method). Because of its higher accuracy, grade 2 should be achieved whenever possible.Specific information on measurement uncertainties is given in clause 7.Although grade 2 accuracy (engineering) is preferred, grade 3 accuracy (survey) is acceptable for noise declarationand most other purposes. In this part of ISO 230, only the determination of grade 3 is described completely. Forgrade 2, ISO 3744 and ISO 11204 shall also be used.

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