ISO/ASTM 51538:2009 乙醇-氯苯剂量测定系统的使用规程
标准编号：ISO/ASTM 51538:2009
中文名称：乙醇-氯苯剂量测定系统的使用规程
英文名称：Practice for use of the ethanol-chlorobenzene dosimetry system
发布日期：2009-06
标准范围
ISO 51538:2009涵盖了乙醇-氯苯（ECB）剂量测定系统的制备、处理、测试和使用程序，以确定受光子（γ辐射或X-辐射/轫致辐射）或高能电子照射的材料中的吸收剂量（以对水的吸收剂量表示）。该系统由剂量计和适当的分析仪器组成。它被归类为参考标准剂量测定系统，也用作常规剂量测定系统。ISO 51538:2009将汞滴定分析描述为ECB剂量计用作参考标准剂量测定系统时的标准读出程序。描述了当ECB系统用作常规剂量测定系统时适用的其他读出方法（分光光度法、示波法）。如果满足以下条件，则适用ISO 51538:2009。伽马辐射的吸收剂量范围在10Gy和2mGy之间，大电流电子加速器的吸收剂量范围在10Gy和200kGy之间。吸收剂量率小于106 Gy·s？1.对于放射性核素γ射线源，初始光子能量大于0.6 MeV。对于轫致辐射光子，用于产生轫致辐射光子的电子的能量等于或大于2MeV。对于电子束，初始电子能量等于或大于4MeV。通过采用更薄的(在射束方向上)剂量计，ECB系统可以在低于4MeV的入射电子能量下使用。ECB系统也可以在低至120kVp的X射线能量下使用。然而，在该光子能量范围内，安瓿壁引起的影响是相当大的。剂量计的辐照温度在？40℃至80℃。通过使用空腔理论进行适当的计算，可以充分考虑剂量计的尺寸和形状对剂量计响应的影响。
ISO 51538:2009 covers the procedure for preparation, handling, testing, and use of the ethanol-chlorobenzene (ECB) dosimetry system to determine absorbed dose (in terms of absorbed dose to water) in materials irradiated by photons (gamma radiation or X-radiation/bremsstrahlung) or high energy electrons. The system consists of a dosimeter and appropriate analytical instrumentation. It is classified as a reference-standard dosimetry system and is also used as a routine dosimetry system.ISO 51538:2009 describes the mercurimetric titration analysis as a standard readout procedure for the ECB dosimeter when used as a reference standard dosimetry system. Other readout methods (spectrophotometric, oscillometric) that are applicable when the ECB system is used as a routine dosimetry system are described.ISO 51538:2009 applies provided the following conditions are satisfied.The absorbed dose range is between 10 Gy and 2 MGy for gamma radiation and between 10 Gy and 200 kGy for high current electron accelerators.The absorbed-dose rate is less than 106 Gy s？1.For radionuclide gamma-ray sources, the initial photon energy is greater than 0,6 MeV. For bremsstrahlung photons, the energy of the electrons used to produce the bremsstrahlung photons is equal to or greater than 2 MeV. For electron beams, the initial electron energy is equal to or greater than 4 MeV. The ECB system may be used at energies of incident electrons lower than 4 MeV by employing thinner (in the beam direction) dosimeters. The ECB system may also be used at X-ray energies as low as 120 kVp. However, in this range of photon energies the effect caused by the ampoule wall is considerable.The irradiation temperature of the dosimeter is within the range from？40°C to 80°C. The effects of size and shape of the dosimeter on the response of the dosimeter can adequately be taken into account by performing the appropriate calculations using cavity theory.
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