ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 信息技术 射频识别设备性能的测试方法 第2部分：询问器性能的测试方法

标准编号：ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011

中文名称：信息技术 射频识别设备性能的测试方法 第2部分：询问器性能的测试方法

英文名称：Information technology — Radio frequency identification device performance test methods — Part 2: Test methods for interrogator performance

发布日期：2011-03

标准范围

射频识别（RFID）技术在物品管理中对自动识别和数据捕获（AIDC）行业具有广泛的适用性。作为一种基于射频技术的无线通信技术，应用覆盖工业、商业和零售供应链的多个层面。这些可以包括货运集装箱、可退回运输物品(RTI)、运输单元、产品包装和产品标签。性能测试定义了测试方法，这些测试方法提供了允许比较不同RFID系统、询问器和标签的结果，以便在它们之间进行选择以用于特定应用。设备（标签和询问设备）的性能特征可能由于应用因素以及特定的RFID空中接口（频率、调制、协议等）而急剧变化。）得到支持。关键关注的是各种性能特征与用户应用的匹配。此外，在开放环境中，这种技术的用户需要来自技术提供商的这些设备的多个来源。一个关键的挑战是以一致和公平的方式评估不同技术提供商产品之间的差异的方法。ISO/IEC 18046-2:20 11提供了一个解决上述问题和挑战的框架。为此，提供了与RFID技术在供应链中的用户应用相关的性能的明确定义。基于这种基于应用的定义，测试方法被定义为关注RFID设备的一致评估所需的测试参数。特别重要的是，这些测试是为具有一个天线的RFID设备定义的。通常的做法是使产品具有单个和多个天线以定义足以用于应用的RFID交易区域。所使用的定义的测试方法是针对单个天线的，但是可以等价地扩展到具有多个天线的设备，以便在更接近于特定应用的条件下评估性能。然而，在多天线测量中必须小心，因为多个天线会导致天线到天线的相互作用、物理封装限制、相互耦合问题、阴影问题、方向性问题和其他影响，甚至对于询问器也是如此，因为这些可能在尺寸、形状和许多RFID应用的安装方法上受到限制。ISO/IEC 18046-2:20 11定义了用于物品管理的RFID询问器性能特征的测试方法，并规定了询问器的一般要求和测试要求，适用于设备选择申请。测试报告的摘要形成统一的标签数据表。它不适用于与法规或类似要求相关的测试。

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has broad applicability to the automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) industry in item management. As a wireless communication technique based on radio frequency technology, the applications cover multiple levels of the industrial, commercial and retail supply chains. These can include

• freight containers,


• returnable transport items (RTI),


• transport units,


• product packaging, and


• product tagging.

Performance tests define test methods that deliver results that allow the comparison of different RFID systems, interrogator and tags in order to select among them for use in a particular application.

The performance characteristics of devices (tags and interrogation equipment) can vary drastically due to application factors as well as the particular RFID air interface (frequency, modulation, protocol, etc.) being supported. Of key concern is the matching of the various performance characteristics to the user application. Additionally, in an open environment users of such technology demand multiple sources for these devices from technology providers. A key challenge is a method of evaluating the differences between various technology providers' products in a consistent and equitable manner.

ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 provides a framework for meeting the above noted concern and challenges. To this end, clear definitions of performance as related to user application of RFID technology in the supply chain are provided. Based on such application-based definitions, test methods are defined with attention to the test parameters required for a consistent evaluation of RFID devices.

Of particular significance, these tests are defined for RFID devices having one antenna. It is common practice to have products with both single and multiple antennas to define an RFID transaction zone sufficient for the application. The defined test methods used are for a single antenna, but can equivalently be extended to equipment with multiple antennas, in order to evaluate performance under conditions more closely matching those of a particular application. However care must be exercised in multiple-antenna measurement since multiple antennas can cause antenna-to-antenna interactions, physical packaging limitations, mutual coupling issues, shadowing issues, directivity issues and other impacts, even with respect to interrogators since these can be limited in size, shape, and mounting method for many RFID applications.

ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 defines test methods for performance characteristics of RFID interrogators for item management, and specifies the general requirements and test requirements for interrogators which are applicable to the selection of the devices for an application. The summary of the test reports form a unified tag datasheet. It does not apply to testing in relation to regulatory or similar requirements.

标准预览图