ISO 4359:2022 流量测量结构 矩形、梯形和Ｕ形测流槽

标准编号：ISO 4359:2022

中文名称：流量测量结构 矩形、梯形和Ｕ形测流槽

英文名称：Flow measurement structures — Rectangular, trapezoidal and U-shaped flumes

发布日期：2022-12

标准范围

本文件规定了在稳定或缓慢变化的流量条件下，使用某些类型的临界深度水槽（也称为“驻波水槽”）测量河流和人工渠道流量的方法。已经开发了各种各样的水槽，但本文仅考虑那些在充分研究和现场测试后获得普遍接受的临界深度水槽，因此不需要现场校准。所考虑的流动条件唯一地取决于上游水头，即？水槽上游必须存在亚临界流，之后水流加速通过收缩并通过其临界深度（见图？1）。结构下游的水位足够低，不会影响其性能。本文件适用于三种常用类型的水槽，涵盖广泛的应用，即矩形喉部、梯形喉部和U形喉部。参考文献[7]介绍了该文件背后的水力理论。本文件不适用于文献中提到的水槽形式(有时称为“文丘里”水槽)，其中流量始终保持亚临界。笔记？文丘里形式的水槽基于与封闭管道系统中使用的文丘里流量计相同的原理，并依赖于测量两个位置的水头和伯努利能量公式的应用。

This document specifies methods for the measurement of flow in rivers and artificial channels under steady or slowly varying flow conditions, using certain types of critical-depth flumes (also known as “standing-wave flumes”). A wide variety of flumes has been developed, but only those critical-depth flumes which have received general acceptance after adequate research and field testing, and which therefore do not require in situ calibration, are considered herein.

The flow conditions considered are uniquely dependent on the upstream head, i.e. subcritical flow must exist upstream of the flume, after which the flow accelerates through the contraction and passes through its critical depth (see Figure 1). The water level downstream of the structure is low enough to have no influence upon its performance.

This document is applicable to three commonly used types of flumes, covering a wide range of applications, namely rectangular-throated, trapezoidal-throated and U-throated. The hydraulic theory behind this document was presented in Reference [7].

This document is not applicable to a form of flume referred to in the literature (sometimes called a “Venturi” flume) in which the flow remains subcritical throughout.

NOTE      The Venturi form of flume is based on the same principle as a Venturi meter used within a closed conduit system and relies upon gauging the head at two locations and the application of Bernoulli’s energy formula.

标准预览图