ISO/IEC 11404:2007 信息技术 通用数据类型（GPD）

标准编号：ISO/IEC 11404:2007

中文名称：信息技术 通用数据类型（GPD）

英文名称：Information technology — General-Purpose Datatypes (GPD)

发布日期：2007-12

标准范围

ISO/IEC 11404:2007规定了编程语言和软件接口中常见的数据类型集合的命名法和共享语义，称为通用数据类型(GPD)。它既指定了基元数据类型，在不参考其他数据类型的情况下从头定义的意义上，也指定了非基元数据类型，在完全或部分根据其他数据类型定义的意义上。ISO/IEC 11404:2007中的数据类型规范是“通用的”，因为所指定的数据类型是在编程语言中使用的实际数据类型和需要“数据类型”概念的其他实体是特定实例的数据类型的类。这些数据类型本质上是通用的；因此，它们服务于各种各样的信息处理应用。ISO/IEC 11404:2007明确区分了数据类型的三个概念:数据类型的概念或抽象概念，其通过其标称值和属性来表征数据类型；数据类型的结构概念，其将数据类型表征为具有特定功能的特定组件数据类型的概念组织；以及数据类型的实现概念，它通过定义数据类型在给定环境中的表示规则来表征数据类型。ISO/IEC 11404:2007定义了许多常用的原始和非原始数据类型的抽象概念，这些数据类型具有原子性的结构概念。ISO/IEC 11404:2007没有定义所有原子数据类型；它只定义了编程语言和软件接口中常见的那些。ISO/IEC 11404:2007定义了用于其他非原始数据类型的规范的结构概念，并提供了一种手段，通过该手段可以根据本文定义的GPDs在结构上定义本文未定义的数据类型。ISO/IEC 11404:2007定义了用于数据类型的实现概念的部分术语，并提供了在数据类型的定义中使用该术语。该术语的主要目的是识别与数据类型相关联的通用实现概念，并将它们与概念概念区分开来。ISO/IEC 11404:2007指定了GPD和其他语言的数据类型之间映射的所需元素。ISO/IEC 11404:2007没有指定映射的精确形式，而是指定映射所需的信息内容。

ISO/IEC 11404:2007 specifies the nomenclature and shared semantics for a collection of datatypes commonly occurring in programming languages and software interfaces, referred to as the General-Purpose Datatypes (GPD). It specifies both primitive datatypes, in the sense of being defined ab initio without reference to other datatypes, and non-primitive datatypes, in the sense of being wholly or partly defined in terms of other datatypes. The specification of datatypes in ISO/IEC 11404:2007 is "general-purpose" in the sense that the datatypes specified are classes of datatype of which the actual datatypes used in programming languages and other entities requiring the concept "datatype" are particular instances. These datatypes are general in nature; thus, they serve a wide variety of information processing applications.

ISO/IEC 11404:2007 expressly distinguishes three notions of datatype:

• the conceptual, or abstract, notion of a datatype, which characterizes the datatype by its nominal values and properties;


• the structural notion of a datatype, which characterizes the datatype as a conceptual organization of specific component datatypes with specific functionalities; and


• the implementation notion of a datatype, which characterizes the datatype by defining the rules for representation of the datatype in a given environment.

ISO/IEC 11404:2007 defines the abstract notions of many commonly used primitive and non-primitive datatypes which possess the structural notion of atomicity. ISO/IEC 11404:2007 does not define all atomic datatypes; it defines only those which are common in programming languages and software interfaces. ISO/IEC 11404:2007 defines structural notions for the specification of other non-primitive datatypes, and provides a means by which datatypes not defined herein can be defined structurally in terms of the GPDs defined herein.

ISO/IEC 11404:2007 defines a partial terminology for implementation notions of datatypes and provides for the use of this terminology in the definition of datatypes. The primary purpose of this terminology is to identify common implementation notions associated with datatypes and to distinguish them from conceptual notions.

ISO/IEC 11404:2007 specifies the required elements of mappings between the GPDs and the datatypes of some other language. ISO/IEC 11404:2007 does not specify the precise form of a mapping, but rather the required information content of a mapping.

标准预览图