ISO/TR 23076:2021 人类工效学 周期性工业工作的恢复模型

标准编号：ISO/TR 23076:2021

中文名称：人类工效学 周期性工业工作的恢复模型

英文名称：Ergonomics — Recovery model for cyclical industrial work

发布日期：2021-10

标准范围

本文件为在工业竞争环境中规划和执行的任何周期性人工工作建立了人体工程学模型。它还涵盖了基于正常工作绩效概念的工作测量过程，以及通常与身体姿势、身体或手的力量、手动搬运负载和高频搬运低负载相关的风险因素评估。本文件适用于成年工作人口，旨在为几乎所有健康成年人提供合理的保护。有关健康风险和控制措施的领域主要基于与工作组织和方法有关的肌肉骨骼负荷、不适或疼痛、耐力或疲劳的实验研究。本文件的范围是在工业竞争环境中计划和执行的任何周期性人工工作。最典型的情况是在需要根据劳动生产率和健康与安全之间的最佳权衡来定义预期产出（产品或服务）的行业内。对这项提议最敏感的组织是那些在劳动密集型制造业中采用系列和批量生产系统的组织:-？汽车（原始设备制造商和一级和二级供应商）；-？工业汽车（卡车、公共汽车、农业和采矿设备）；-？工业制造业（小型家用和工业设备或机械）；-？家用电器和消费品（白色家电）；-？塑料和橡胶制品（轮胎、门、窗、鞋）；-？消费电子产品（个人电脑、电视、打印机、收音机、hi-fis、报警系统）；-？家具；-？纺织品和服装；-？食物准备；-？包装；-？航空航天和国防；-？铁路和航运；-？大型家用和工业设备或机械；-？物流。

This document establishes an ergonomic model for any cyclical human work planned and executed in an industrial competitive environment. It also covers the process of measuring work based on the concept of normal work performance and of the assessment of risk factors commonly associated with body postures, body or hand forces, manual material handling of loads and handling low loads at high frequency.This document applies to the adult working population and is intended to give reasonable protection for nearly all healthy adults. Those areas concerning health risks and control measures are mainly based on experimental studies regarding musculoskeletal loading, discomfort or pain and endurance or fatigue related to work organization and methods.The scope of this document is any cyclical human work planned and executed in an industrial competitive environment. The most typical cases are within industries where there is the need to define an expected output (products or services) based on the optimization of the trade-off between labour productivity and health and safety.The most sensitive organizations to this proposal are those within labour-intensive manufacturing industries with series and batch production systems:—    automotive (original equipment manufacturer and tier 1 and 2 suppliers);—    industrial automotive (trucks, buses, agricultural and mining equipment);—    industrial manufacturing (small domestic and industrial equipment or machinery);—    domestic appliances and consumer goods (white goods);—    plastic and rubber products (tires, doors, windows, shoes);—    consumer electronics (PCs, televisions, printers, radios, hi-fis, alarm systems);—    furniture;—    textiles and apparel;—    food preparation;—    packaging;—    aerospace and defence;—    rail and shipping;—    large domestic and industrial equipment or machinery;—    logistics.

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