ISO 19901-10:2021 石油和天然气工业 海上结构的特殊要求 第10部分：海洋地球物理调查

标准编号：ISO 19901-10:2021

中文名称：石油和天然气工业 海上结构的特殊要求 第10部分：海洋地球物理调查

英文名称：Petroleum and natural gas industries — Specific requirements for offshore structures — Part 10: Marine geophysical investigations

发布日期：2021-03

标准范围

本文件提供了海洋地球物理调查的要求和指南。本标准适用于石油和天然气行业海上结构物海上现场调查的运营商/最终用户、承包商以及公共和监管机构。本文件提供了以下方面的要求、规范和指南:a） 目标、计划和质量管理；b） 定位；c） 海底测绘，包括仪器和采集参数、采集方法和可交付成果；d） 海底测绘，包括地震仪器和采集参数，以及非地震反射方法；e） 报告；f） 地质灾害的数据集成、解释和调查。本文件适用于海底和海底的调查-海底，从浅海到3000米及以上的水深。它为海洋土壤调查和海洋地球物理调查结果与其他相关数据集的整合提供了指导。注1:海底测绘的关注深度取决于调查目标。对于海上施工，调查深度通常在海底以下1 m到海底以下200 m的范围内。海底测绘的一些方法也可以实现更大的调查深度，例如用于评估碳氢化合物钻井的地质灾害。海底测绘和海底测绘之间有一个根本的区别:可以指定海底信号分辨率，而海底信号分辨率和穿透力不能指定。因此，本文件包含对特定类型海底测绘和海底下测绘使用特定技术的要求（同样，对数据处理的某些方面给出了要求）。如果可以证明其他技术可以获得相同的信息，具有相同或更好的分辨率和精度，则可以使用这些技术。海底钻前井场地质灾害图是本文件范围的一部分。注2:这意味着调查深度通常在第一个压力容器套管柱下方200m或海底下方1000m，以最大值为准。因此，钻前井场地质灾害测绘是本文件涵盖的最深入的调查类型。在本文件中，定位信息仅与测量平台、源和接收器的定位有关。本文件不包括用于确定海底和海底下数据点位置的过程。本文件仅给出了海洋横波（A.8.3.3）、海洋表面波（A.8.3.4）、电阻率成像（A.8.3.5）和电磁成像（A.8.3.6）的使用指南。

This document provides requirements and guidelines for marine geophysical investigations. It is applicable to operators/end users, contractors and public and regulatory authorities concerned with marine site investigations for offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries.This document provides requirements, specifications, and guidance for:a) objectives, planning, and quality management;b) positioning;c) seafloor mapping, including instrumentation and acquisition parameters, acquisition methods, and deliverables;d) sub-seafloor mapping, including seismic instrumentation and acquisition parameters, and non-seismic-reflection methods;e) reporting;f) data integration, interpretation, and investigation of geohazards.This document is applicable to investigation of the seafloor and the sub-seafloor, from shallow coastal waters to water depths of 3 000 m and more. It provides guidance for the integration of the results from marine soil investigations and marine geophysical investigations with other relevant datasets.NOTE 1 The depth of interest for sub-seafloor mapping depends on the objectives of the investigation. For offshore construction, the depths of investigation are typically in the range 1 m below seafloor to 200 m below seafloor. Some methods for sub-seafloor mapping can also achieve much greater investigation depths, for example for assessing geohazards for hydrocarbon well drilling.There is a fundamental difference between seafloor mapping and sub-seafloor mapping: seafloor signal resolution can be specified, while sub-seafloor signal resolution and penetration cannot. This document therefore contains requirements for the use of certain techniques for certain types of seafloor mapping and sub-seafloor mapping (similarly, requirements are given for certain aspects of data processing). If other techniques can be shown to obtain the same information, with the same or better resolution and accuracy, then those techniques may be used.Mapping of pre-drilling well-site geohazards beneath the seafloor is part of the scope of this document.NOTE 2 This implies depths of investigation that are typically 200 m below the first pressure-containment casing string or 1 000 m below the seafloor, whichever is greatest. Mapping of pre-drilling well-site geohazards is therefore the deepest type of investigation covered by this document.In this document, positioning information relates only to the positioning of survey platforms, sources and receivers. The processes used to determine positions of seafloor and sub-seafloor data points are not covered in this document.Guidance only is given in this document for the use of marine shear waves (A.8.3.3), marine surface waves (A.8.3.4), electrical resistivity imaging (A.8.3.5) and electromagnetic imaging (A.8.3.6).

标准预览图