ISO 21226:2019 土壤质量 用土壤磁力学筛选被有毒元素污染的土壤的指南

标准编号：ISO 21226:2019

中文名称：土壤质量 用土壤磁力学筛选被有毒元素污染的土壤的指南

英文名称：Soil quality — Guideline for the screening of soil polluted with toxic elements using soil magnetometry

发布日期：2019-12

标准范围

本文件规定了土壤磁化率（κ）的测量方法，作为潜在土壤污染/与技术磁性颗粒（TMP）相关的微量元素污染的指标，并描述了相关程序、协议和指南，作为确定土壤微量元素污染的筛选地球物理方法。测量结果用于绘制感兴趣区域土壤的磁化率图。从这些地图中，可以区分指示高微量元素总污染负荷的高磁化率和高磁化率区域，以便通过地球化学方法进一步识别污染物。本文件适用于筛选包括长-空气传播元素的范围传输，其中TMPs是载体和指示剂。这种排放源包括大多数高温工业过程，其中铁以任何矿物学形式存在于原材料、添加剂或燃料中，转化为亚铁磁性氧化铁（例如化石固体和液体燃料燃烧、冶金、水泥和陶瓷工业、焦炭生产、工业废物填埋、陆路运输）。本文件不适用于筛选与TMP无关的人为排放，例如有机污染物或农业来源的排放。注1铜、锌和其他有色金属矿石也含有铁（在许多硫化物中），因为这种元素在几乎所有环境中都很丰富。在熔炼过程中，硫化物中的铁转化为亚铁磁氧化物（TMP）。然而，在这种情况下，TMP和相关PTE的比例通常低于例如煤燃烧或铁冶金，并且并非所有PTE都物理结合并被TMP运输。非空气传播元素沉积在排放源附近，而在这些情况下，TMP可用作空气传播元素和该地区冶炼厂总元素沉积空间分布的指标。在极少数情况下，一些土壤发育在表现出地质高磁性的基岩上，这可能会导致假阳性结果。然而，这种影响可以很容易地通过沿土壤剖面的磁化率测量来指示。当基岩表现出极高的磁信号时，这种方法不适用。注2此类病例非常罕见。

This document specifies methods for the measurements of magnetic susceptibility of soils (κ) as an indicator of potential soil pollution/contamination with trace elements associated with technogenic magnetic particles (TMPs) and describes related procedures, protocols and guidelines to be applied as a screening geophysical method of determination of soil pollution with trace elements. The results of measurements are used for preparing the maps of magnetic susceptibility of soils in the area of interest. From these maps, the areas of elevated and high magnetic susceptibility indicating high trace element total pollution load are discriminated for further identification of pollutants by geochemical methods.This document is applicable to screening all TMPs-related anthropogenic emission sources including long-range transport of airborne elements, of which TMPs are carriers and indicators. Such emission sources comprise the majority of high-temperature industrial processes, where iron is present in any mineralogical form in raw materials, additives or fuels, is transformed into ferrimagnetic iron oxides (e.g. fossil solid and liquid fuels combustion, metallurgy, cement and ceramics industry, coke production, industrial waste landfills, land transport). This document is not applicable to screening anthropogenic emissions not associated with TMPs, e.g. organic pollutants or emissions from agricultural sources.NOTE 1 Copper, zinc and other non-ferrous metal ores also contain iron (in many sulfides) as this element is abundant in almost all environments. During smelting, the iron occurring in sulfides is transformed into ferrimagnetic oxides (TMPs). However, in such cases, the proportion of TMPs and related PTEs is usually less than at coal combustion or iron metallurgy, for example, and not all PTEs are physically associated and transported by TMPs. Non-airborne elements are deposited in the close proximity of the emission source, while TMPs can be used in these cases as indicators of airborne elements and of the spatial distribution of the total element deposition from a smelter in the area.In rare cases, some soils are developed on bedrock exhibiting geogenically high magnetism, which can cause false-positive results. This influence can, however, be easily indicated by measurements of magnetic susceptibility along soil profiles. This method is not applicable when the bedrock exhibits extremely high magnetic signals.NOTE 2 Such cases are rare.

标准预览图