ISO/TS 17892-4:2004 土工技术研究和试验 土壤的实验室试验-第4部分： 粒子尺寸分布

标准编号：ISO/TS 17892-4:2004

中文名称：土工技术研究和试验 土壤的实验室试验-第4部分： 粒子尺寸分布

英文名称：Geotechnical investigation and testing — Laboratory testing of soil — Part 4: Determination of particle size distribution

发布日期：2004-10

标准范围

ISO/TS 17892-4:2004描述了土壤样品粒度分布的测定方法。粒径分布是土壤最重要的物理特性之一。土壤分类主要基于粒度分布。土壤的许多岩土和水文地质性质与粒度分布有关。粒度分布基于对离散粒度类别的细分，提供了土壤的描述。每一类的大小可通过筛分和/或沉淀来确定。对于细粒度小于10%的土壤，可采用筛分法。细粒度超过10%的土壤可通过筛分和沉淀相结合的方法进行分析。筛分是通过使用试验筛将土壤按粒度分类的过程。沉降是土壤颗粒在液体中凝结的过程。沉降速率的差异使粒度等级得以分离。介绍了两种沉淀方法；比重计法和移液管法。所述方法适用于所有粒径小于125 mm的非胶结土壤。根据测定粒度分布的目的，可能需要对碳酸钙、溶解盐和/或有机物进行预处理或校正。实验室报告中应说明这些方法的使用。本文件不包括包含使用x射线、激光束、密度测量和粒子计数器的检测系统的现代方法。

ISO/TS 17892-4:2004 describes methods for the determination of the particle size distribution of soil samples.The particle size distribution is one of the most important physical characteristics of soil. Classification of soils is mainly based on the particle size distribution. Many geotechnical and geohydrological properties of soil are related to the particle size distribution.The particle size distribution provides a description of soil, based on a subdivision in discrete classes of particle sizes. The size of each class can be determined by sieving and/or sedimentation. For soils with less than 10 % fines, the sieving method is applicable. Soils with more than 10 % fines can be analysed by a combination of sieving and sedimentation.Sieving is the process whereby the soil is separated in particle size classes by the use of test sieves.Sedimentation is the process of the setting of soil particles in a liquid. The difference in settling rate enables the particle size classes to be separated. Two sedimentation methods are described; the hydrometer method and the pipette method.The methods described are applicable to all non-cemented soils with particle sizes less than 125 mm.Depending on the purpose for the determination of the particle size distribution, pretreatment or correction for calcium carbonate, dissolved salts and/or organic matter can be required. The use of these methods should be stated in the laboratory report.Modern methods that incorporate detection systems using x-rays, laser beams, density measurements and particle counters are not covered by this document.

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