ISO 13857:2019 机械安全 防止上下肢触及危险区域的安全距离

标准编号：ISO 13857:2019

中文名称：机械安全 防止上下肢触及危险区域的安全距离

英文名称：Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs

发布日期：2019-10

标准范围

本文件确定了工业和非工业环境中的安全距离值，以防止达到机械危险区。安全距离适用于防护结构。它还提供了阻碍下肢自由进入的距离信息（见附件B）。本文件涵盖14岁及以上的人群（14岁人群的第5百分位身高约为1400毫米）。此外，仅针对上肢，它为3岁以上的儿童（3岁儿童的第5百分位身高约为900 mm）提供信息，这些儿童需要通过开口接触。注1:规定所有人员的安全距离并不实际。因此，所列数值旨在涵盖人口的第95个百分位。不考虑防止儿童进入下肢的数据。当仅通过距离就能充分降低风险时，距离适用。由于安全距离取决于尺寸，即使满足本文件的要求，一些极端尺寸的人仍然能够到达危险区域。遵守本文件中的要求将阻止进入危险区。然而，建议本文件的用户，本文件并未针对每种危害（例如与机器排放有关的危害，如电离辐射、热源、噪音、灰尘）提供所需的风险降低。仅当根据风险评估无法预见上肢进入同一危险区时，涉及下肢的条款才自行适用。安全距离旨在保护在规定条件下试图到达危险区的人员（见4.1.1）。注2:本文件无意提供防止攀爬到达危险区的措施（见ISO 14120:2015, 5.18).

This document establishes values for safety distances in both industrial and non-industrial environments to prevent machinery hazard zones being reached. The safety distances are appropriate for protective structures. It also gives information about distances to impede free access by the lower limbs (see Annex B).This document covers people of 14 years and older (the 5th percentile stature of 14-year-olds is approximately 1 400 mm). In addition, for upper limbs only, it provides information for children older than 3 years (5th percentile stature of 3-year-olds is approximately 900 mm) where reaching through openings needs to be addressed.NOTE 1 It is not practical to specify safety distances for all persons. Therefore, the values presented are intended to cover the 95th percentile of the population.Data for preventing lower limb access for children is not considered.The distances apply when sufficient risk reduction can be achieved by distance alone. Because safety distances depend on size, some people of extreme dimensions will still be able to reach hazard zones even when the requirements of this document are met.Compliance with the requirements in this document will prevent access to the hazard zone. Nevertheless the user of this document is advised that it does not provide the required risk reduction for every hazard (e.g. hazards related to machine emissions such as ionizing radiation, heat sources, noise, dust).The clauses covering lower limbs apply on their own only when access by the upper limbs to the same hazard zone is not foreseeable according to the risk assessment.The safety distances are intended to protect those persons trying to reach hazard zones under the conditions specified (see 4.1.1).NOTE 2 This document is not intended to provide measures against reaching a hazard zone by climbing over (see ISO 14120:2015, 5.18).

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