ISO 20044:2022 环境中放射性的测量 空气：气溶胶颗粒 用过滤介质取样的试验方法
标准编号：ISO 20044:2022
中文名称：环境中放射性的测量 空气：气溶胶颗粒 用过滤介质取样的试验方法
英文名称：Measurement of radioactivity in the environment — Air: aerosol particles — Test method using sampling by filter media
发布日期：2022-12
标准范围
本文档为—？使用过滤介质对空气中的气溶胶颗粒进行采样的过程。本文件考虑了环境空气中气溶胶粒子的具体行为（附件？B）.—？用于后续或同时测量的取样程序的两种方法:—？在已知沉积在过滤器中的活度的情况下，确定与空气中气溶胶颗粒结合的放射性核素的活度浓度；—？用于实时测量的连续空气监测设备的操作使用。活度浓度以贝克勒尔/立方米(Bq？m-3)表示。本文件描述了在空气采样通过设计用于捕获气溶胶颗粒的过滤介质后，测定与气溶胶颗粒结合的放射性核素活度浓度的测试方法。该方法可用于任何类型的环境研究或监测。测试方法用于质量保证管理体系（ISO/IEC？17025[2]）。本文件不涵盖用于确定沉积在介质过滤器中的活性的测量测试技术（伽马光谱法、全局α和β计数法、液体闪烁法、α光谱法）的细节，这些技术基于现有标准或由负责这些测量的实验室开发的内部方法。此外，本文件不包括由环境空气中所含灰尘的成分给出的气溶胶粒径的可变性[3][4]。本文件不涉及核设施排出空气中与气溶胶颗粒结合的放射性核素的取样[见ISO？2889:2021][5].这里描述的程序有助于气溶胶结合放射性核素的取样。它应该符合国际原子能机构监测方案安全标准的国家和国际要求[6]。在开始监测之前，需要记录采样位置的特征（坐标、植被类型、障碍物）。世界气象组织（WMO）的指南包括世界上所有气象站的温度、风速、风向、湿度和降水的代表性测量标准[7]。
This document provides guidance for
— the sampling process of the aerosol particles in the air using filter media. This document takes into account the specific behaviour of aerosol particles in ambient air (Annex B).
— Two methods for sampling procedures with subsequent or simultaneous measurement:
— the determination of the activity concentration of radionuclides bound to aerosol particles in the air knowing the activity deposited in the filter;
— the operating use of continuous air monitoring devices used for real time measurement.
The activity concentration is expressed in becquerel per cubic metre (Bq？m-3).
This document describes the test method to determine activity concentrations of radionuclides bound to aerosol particles after air sampling passing through a filter media designed to trap aerosol particles. The method can be used for any type of environmental study or monitoring.
The test method is used in the context of a quality assurance management system (ISO/IEC 17025[2]).
This document does not cover the details of measurement test techniques (gamma spectroscopy, global alpha and beta counting, liquid scintillation, alpha spectrometry) used to determine the activity deposited in the media filter, which are either based on existing standards or internal methods developed by the laboratory in charge of those measurements. Also, this document does not cover the variability of the aerosol particle sizes as given by the composition of the dust contained in ambient air[3][4]. This document does not address to sampling of radionuclides bound to aerosol particles in the effluent air of nuclear facilities [see ISO 2889:2021][5].
The procedures described here facilitate the sampling of aerosol bound radionuclides. It is supposed to conform to the national and international requirements for monitoring programmes safety standards of IAEA[6].
The characteristics of the sampling location (coordinates, type of vegetation, obstacles) need to be documented prior to commencing the monitoring. The guidelines of the World Meteorology Organization (WMO) include the criteria for representative measurements of temperature, wind-speed, wind direction, humidity and precipitation for all the weather stations in the world[7].
标准预览图
