ISO/IEC 18046:2006 信息技术 自动化识别及数据采集技术 射频识别装置识别性能试验方法

标准编号：ISO/IEC 18046:2006

中文名称：信息技术 自动化识别及数据采集技术 射频识别装置识别性能试验方法

英文名称：Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Radio frequency identification device performance test methods

发布日期：2006-11

标准范围

射频识别（RFID）技术在物品管理中对自动识别和数据捕获（AIDC）行业具有广泛的适用性。作为一种基于射频技术的无线通信技术，其应用覆盖了工业、商业和零售供应链的多个层面。这些可能包括货运集装箱、可退回运输物品（RTIs）、运输单位、产品包装、产品标签。设备（标签和询问设备）的性能特性可能由于应用因素以及所支持的特定RF空中接口（频率、调制、协议等）而急剧变化。关键关注的是各种性能特征与用户应用的匹配。此外，在开放环境中，这种技术的用户需要来自技术提供商的这些设备的多个来源。一个关键的挑战是以一致和公平的方式评估不同技术提供商产品之间差异的方法。ISO/IEC 18046:2006为解决上述问题和挑战提供了一个框架。为此，提供了与RFID技术在供应链中的用户应用相关的性能的明确定义。基于这样的基于应用的定义，定义测试方法时注意必须定义和控制的测试参数，以便对RFID设备进行一致的评估。应该注意的是，ISO/IEC 18046:2006中定义的测试方法构成了性能评估的基本框架，并不是详尽无遗的。许多应用可能需要一组稍微不同的测试条件来使RFID的使用与用户要求相匹配。可以修改本文定义的测试方法以适应用户指定的应用的具体情况。特别重要的是，这些测试是为具有一个天线的RFID设备定义的。通常的做法是使产品具有单个和多个天线以定义足以用于应用的RFID交易区域。所定义的方法可以容易地从具有单个天线的设备扩展到应用于具有多个天线的设备，以便在更接近于特定应用的条件下评估性能。ISO/IEC 18046:2006定义了用于物品管理的射频识别（RFID）设备（标签和询问设备）性能特征的测试方法，并规定了适用于为应用选择设备的标签和询问器性能的一般要求和测试要求。它不适用于与法规或类似要求相关的测试。

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has broad applicability to the automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) industry in item management. As a wireless communication technique based on RF technology the applications cover multiple levels of the industrial, commercial and retail supply chains. These may include

• freight containers,
• returnable transport items (RTIs),
• transport units,
• product packaging,
• product tagging.

The performance characteristics of devices (tags and interrogation equipment) may vary drastically due to application factors as well as the particular RF air interface (frequency, modulation, protocol, etc.) being supported. Of key concern is the matching of the various performance characteristics to the user application. Additionally, in an open environment users of such technology demand multiple sources for these devices from technology providers. A key challenge is a method of evaluating the differences between various technology providers' products in a consistent and equitable manner.ISO/IEC 18046:2006 provides a framework for meeting the above noted concern and challenges. To this end, a clear definition of performance as it relates to user application of RFID technology in the supply chain is provided. Based on such application-based definitions, test methods are defined with attention to the test parameters that must be defined and controlled for a consistent evaluation of RFID devices.It should be noted that the test methods defined in ISO/IEC 18046:2006 form the basic framework for performance evaluation and are not exhaustive. Many applications may require a slightly different set of test conditions to match the use of RFID to the user requirements. The test methods defined herein may be modified to accommodate the specifics of the application as specified by the user.Of particular significance, these tests are defined for RFID devices having one antenna. It is common practice to have products with both single and multiple antennas to define an RFID transaction zone sufficient for the application. The defined methods can easily be extended from equipment with a single antenna to apply to equipment with multiple antennas, in order to evaluate performance under conditions more closely matching those of a particular application.ISO/IEC 18046:2006 defines test methods for performance characteristics of radio frequency identification (RFID) devices (tags and interrogation equipment) for item management, and specifies the general requirements and test requirements for tag and interrogator performance which are applicable to the selection of the devices for an application. It does not apply to testing in relation to regulatory or similar requirements.

标准预览图